Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common and serious form of cancer. It is estimated that this year over 3,000 Canadian women will be newly diagnosed with this disease. Cancer cells in the ovary are formed when abnormal cells divide without control and can invade or metastasize other tissue in the body. Mutations in the genes of a cell affect its normal growth and division and they do not die when they should, and new cells form when the body does not need them. These extra cells may form a mass of tissue called a tumour.
There are different types of ovarian cancer. They are classified according to the cell which they start. The epithelial ovarian cancer is the most common type. It starts in the cells that cover the lining of the fallopian tube or the ovary. Approximately 90 percent of all cases falls under this type. On one hand, the germ cell ovarian cancer, which affects the germ cells where eggs are formed, and the stromal cell cancer, which affects the cells that hold the ovaries together, both accounts for five to ten percent of all incidents of ovarian cancer.
Although there several standalone tests to screen for ovarian cancer, none of these are yet to be supported by sufficient evidence. Up to this time, there are currently no screening tests for ovarian cancer that are sensitive and reliable enough to screen for ovarian cancer. When experiencing signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer, it will be best to consult a doctor. Existing test may include complete pelvic exam, pelvic ultrasound, or blood test. Signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer may include frequent or persistent abdominal pain or discomfort, fatigue, changes in bowel movements, difficulty eating, unexplained weight loss or weight gain, and menstrual irregularities.
To learn more about ovarian cancer and to look for support groups, visit the Ovarian Cancer Canada website at ovariancanada.org. Ovarian Cancer Canada champions the health and wellbeing of women with ovarian cancer and others at risk of this disease while advancing research to save lives. As the only registered Canadian charity solely dedicated to overcoming ovarian cancer, the organization provides leadership in research, advocacy, and support, so that women live fuller, better, longer lives.
